X s smut-machine



J. E. WRATTEN.

Smut Machine.

j No, 5,122, Patented-May 1511847;

u. PETERS, Pholu-Lithngnphnr. Wnhingmmyft.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

JAMES EDW. WRATTEN', OF RUSH, NEW YORK.

sMUr-MAcHInE.

Specification of Letters Renews. 5,122",' dated"May"15; .1847.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES to the annexed drawings of the same, ing partof this specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the mamakchine as prepared for use.-Fig. 2 is a 'per-, spective view of the frustum of a cone, or rubber, asusually called, and the mugs of sheet iron teeth, or rubbers, forrubbing offthe smut from the grain secured to the convex surface of therubber; and of the. shaft and pulley by which it is revolved within thehollow perforated stationary frustum of a cone-or concave, as it isgenerally termed. .Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the interior orconcave surface of the inverted conical bottom or-base of the view ofone of the rings of sheet iron beaters detached from the revolvingfrustum: of a cone. Fig. 5 is'a vertical section of the oil cup tube orguard and lower end of the shaft. 1

As I intend to confine my claim to the manner of constructing therevolving frus' tum of a cone rubber (which is the most important partof the machine) I shall hereafter give a particular description of thatpart, and a general description of the other parts. But beforedoingth'i's I will give an outline of the principles of the machinewhich I have attempted'to improve.

The smut machine that I propose to make and use should have aconicalform, in order that the grain in its descent and passage throughthe machine, should be kept as much as possible on the surface of therevolving rubber where the rubbing must be done. Millers have heretoforedepended too much upon the roughness of the inside of their concaves,and hence their failures.

The concave should be smooth instead I of rough and the perforationsmade from the outside and left smooth and the pieces removed from theperforations. The cyl-;

j such formed rubbers that will not grow I Eownno -WRATTENJ, ofv thetown of Bush, in the county. of Monroe and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful, Improvement in Smut-Machines. for Smutting orCleaning Wheat and other Kinds of Grain, which is? described as follows,reference being had dull, but on the contrary sharper by use. It should:revolveabout 450 revolutions per minute instead of 600 or 700 times asis nomical. I I I The concave should be so formed and punched that itwill admitthe most air,

"usual in common smut machines, for the slow speed saves gram frombe1ngcut,-and

' made-or Itepairedandbe durable and ecodischargethe mostdust, and be.the most durable. When the concave is left rough iii inside, as iscommon, the roughness, hinders the free discharge of the dust;andbeside,

when the. roughness ofjthe punching on the inside of the concave wears,ofi',;it leaves the holes too large, and the grain will escape iiithrough them, and then the concave becomes useless; but, if it be leftsmooth on the in s de, as mine is intended to be, such would not be theconsequence. vIn forming the apertures for the discharge of the dirt thepieces should be entirely out out which will render the concave moredurable and .pro-

duce freer discharges. The bottom of the concave should be funnelshaped, instead of flat or horizontal. fiat bottom and small dischargeaperture therein, requires four times the power to A smut machine witha? drive it, than one with an open funnel shaped bottom. In the flatbottomed machine with a small discharge aperture near i thecircumference the grain is forced outin a mixed condition with the smutby the revolving of the rubber. It is found in practice that the wheatin its passage "down through the ordinary smut machine carries' 5 withit a great portion of smut and dirt,

l and when the whole arrives at the bottom 7 of the rubber, the rubberrolls the wheat I and dirt together in concentric circles be fore itpasses out atthe discharge opening, I

and, as is often the case, and especially if the grain be damp, it oftenlooks worse after passing through the machine, than before it enteredit.

Currents of air are necessary to be produced through'the perforations inthefcase or concave simultaneously with therubbing operation.

Take either one of the above properties I away from my machine and themachine will be defective, which will be evident to I practical millers.

In the annexed drawings similar letters refer corresponding parts.

A is the bed plate or concave base or bot tom cast with a circularopeningin the center.

B is the movable funnel shaped cover for closing said opening in thebase for discharging the grain. y l

C is the door in said funnel shaped cover for the purpose of gainingaccess to the oil cup and collar for oiling the shaft or spindle.

C is an opening in which the grain is discharged. D is the bridgeorstirrup the oil cup cast with the stirrup and base plate.

E of the spindle is stepped.

F is the sliding sheet iron tube or guard for preventing the grain dust,or dirt, or smut getting into the oil cupnotched 1n the lower end so asto fit over the arms d 03 of the stirrup D and made of the requisitediameter to encircle the oil cup to which it is fitted tight and toenter a circular hollow cap secured to the bottom or base oftherevolving frustum of a cone rubber and'of such length that it will slipup over the shaft and inside the aforesaid cap attached to the rubberwhen gaining access to the oil cup for examining the foot of the spindleor the condition of the step-t-ointroduce oil or for any other purpose.

G is said cap and g the flange by which it is secured to the rubber byscrews or bolts.

H is the shaft of the rubber.

I is the pulley by which it is turned.

J is the concave made ofsheet iron in tapered segments perforated overthe surfaces in oblong openings about 2 inch long by wide for the escapeof the smut and other dirt being left smooth for the free discharge ofthe same.

K is the top of the concave made in the form of a circular flat ring.

L are cast iron ribs bolted to the upper side of the base and the underside of the top and including the concave.

M is a concentric ring-made of two cast iron semi-circles flanged andbolted to the cap as at d Fig. 1 having an oblong openin in one of thesemi-circular plates into which is fitted a flaring pipe as representedat e Fig. l which receives the spout that conducts the grain to therubber and concave. V

N is a skeleton frame cast with the top plate the case containing a boxin the center of the top of said frame in which the upper end of theshaft turns covered by a lid 6 to keep out the dust.

the center through I for supp orting is the oil cup into "which' thefoot d vv The revolving frustum of a cone rubber P; for separating thesmut from the grain is made in the following manner. The bottom'or lowerend should be made of wood or other more suitable material about 26inches in diameter for an ordinary machineits sloped sides, which arelikewise made of wood, about 29 inches long and top or upper end about14: inches diameter, secured well together and to the shaft. Beforeputting on the sheet iron covering (a section of which is seen at Fig.4) the top or upper head must be fixed on the shaft in such manner thatits upper surface shall be about one inch below the underside of thetopof the case or concave and the bottom or lower head about one inchabove the concave base of the case; in order that the machine may have afree discharge all around the bottom of the rubber said headsbeingcovered with sheet iron or tin to protect them from'injury from theaction of' the grain. The

outer covering is composed of. sheet iron rings Q of horizontal teeth,as represented at Q Fig. 4, of tapered form and reduced diameters frombottom to top. Each ringof teeth ismade from a strip of sheet iron ofthe required length to -encircle the body of therubber for which itisintended about 2% inches wide. The strip is then cut into for the woodof the frustum of afcone around which it is to be nailed fast. The

said teeth are' 'cut out from the sides of the teeth 15'; incheslong-leaving 1 inch wide ,uncut to serve as a covering and protectionStrips being %Of an inch wide at the points or outer ends and 2 of aninch wide at the basis or parts joined to the rings and are 1;; inchesapart. Theteeth are bent. or turned outward so as to stand horizontalwhen the rings are nailed to the body forming an obtuse angle-withtheflat surfaces of the rings. The rings are put on the wood frustum ofa cone with their edges close together gradually diminishing in diameterfrom bottom to top. The revolving rubber when finished as represented atFig. 2 must be placed in the stationary concave represented 1n Fig. 1'leaving a space of about a of an inch between the points of the teethteeth out the smut from the grain asait passes from the top to thebottom among the teeth and at the same time .produce a' suflicient blastwithin the concave to blow .125 The horizontal pyramidal shaped sheetiron the smut and dust and dirt from the concave through the oblongapertures therein, while the grain descends and passes from the concavethrough the funnel shaped bottom being cleaned of whatever smut or dirtmay chance to be with it by means of a common fan arranged in anyconvenient way below the rubber and concave. 7

It will be understood of course that the size and materials of which themachine is composed will be varied at the pleasure of the constructor.

What I particularly claim as my invention and improvement in this smutmachine is- The mode of making the rubber P substantially as abovedescribed-that is to say, covering the external'convex surface of thefrustum of a cone with sheet iron rings of trapezodial shaped teethcombined and arranged and operating in the manner and for the purposeherein set forth.

JAMES E. WRATTEN.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH WOODGATE, JOSHUA F. RUNLET.

